[52] In spite of this, when it came time to change the name on the new opera house, only the first six letters of the word IMPERIALE were replaced, giving the now famous "ACADEMIE NATIONALE DE MUSIQUE", an official title which had actually only been used during the approximately two-year period of the Second Republic which had preceded the Second Empire. Mead 1991, pp. Lees hier alles over de Top 10 bezienswaardigheden van Parijs. The political leaders of the new government maintained an intense dislike of all things associated with the Second Empire, and many of them regarded the essentially apolitical Garnier as a holdover from that regime. Rich with velvet, gold leaf, and cherubim and nymphs, the interior is characteristic of Baroque sumptuousness. The façade also incorporates other work by Gumery, Alexandre Falguière, and others. Eiffel Tower. It also features private parking and a bar. [19] Garnier used polychromy, or a variety of colors, for theatrical effect, achieved different varieties of marble and stone, porphyry, and gilded bronze. The French Post Office has issued two postage stamps on the building: [40] To the surprise of many, both Viollet-le-Duc and Charles Rohault de Fleury missed out. After O U I #1, the choreographer and dancer Régine Chopinot continues her residency at the Academy. The ballet was inspired by Victor Hugo’s masterpiece, with its colourful characters: the beautiful Esmerelda, the touching Quasimodo, the machiavellian Frollo and the cynical Pheobus. Garnier's was the quote "Bramo assai, poco spero" ("Hope for much, expect little") from the Italian poet Torquato Tasso. Citadines Opera Paris, Paris Picture: Jardin intérieur vitré - Check out Tripadvisor members' 50,006 candid photos and videos. This public restitution is the result of a week of a creative workshop. Now $157 (Was $̶2̶4̶8̶) on Tripadvisor: Hotel Les Jardins du Marais, Paris. Mead 1991, pp. We enjoyed it very much! Sur les autres projets Wikimedia: côté cour , sur le Wiktionnaire Sur les autres projets Wikimedia: côté jardin , sur le Wiktionnaire Bâbord et tribord Dextre et senestre en peinture et en héraldique Notes et références [modifier | modifier le code] ↑ Claude Manceron , Les Hommes de la liberté: Les Vingt Ans du roi 1774/1778 , vol. [41], Garnier's wife Louise later wrote that the French architect Alphonse de Gisors, who was on the jury, had commented to them that Garnier's project was "remarkable in its simplicity, clarity, logic, grandeur, and because of the exterior dispositions which distinguish the plan in three distinct parts—the public spaces, auditorium, and stage ... 'you have greatly improved your project since the first competition; whereas Ginain [the first-place winner in the first phase] has ruined his. The Jardin du Palais Royal hosts a few very good restaurants, most with outdoor seating. 75009 Paris Access to the Palais Garnier. I want a treasure, which contains them all! The cash-strapped government of the Third Republic resorted to borrowing 4.9 million gold francs at an interest rate of six percent from François Blanc, the wealthy financier who managed the Monte Carlo Casino. Le Trocadero et son esplanade is a huge wide area before the Eiffel Tower extending a fair way out. Young Audiences - Concerts and Recitals - Chamber music - Academy, « We Are Monchici » - Honji Wang, Sébastien Ramirez. Wat te doen in Parijs, Ile-de-France. Mead 1991, p. 60 ("170 projects"); Kirkland 2013, p. 192 ("171 designs"). It is set in a specific era—the Spanish Golden Age—during which humanity experiences its first bout of “globalization”. Louvet wrote several letters to Garnier, which document events relating to the building. [22], The bases of the two avant-corps are decorated (from left to right) with four major multi-figure groups sculpted by François Jouffroy (Poetry, also known as Harmony),[23] Jean-Baptiste Claude Eugène Guillaume (Instrumental Music), Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux (The Dance, criticised for indecency), and Jean-Joseph Perraud (Lyrical Drama). Pingouin* is the wonderful story of a penguin traveling the world. The custom-designed letters were not ready in time for the unveiling and were replaced with commercially available substitutes. Also known as the Rotonde de l'Empereur, this group of rooms is located on the left (west) side of the building and was designed to allow secure and direct access by the Emperor via a double ramp to the building. The building, considered one of the masterpieces of the Second Empire style, was begun in 1861 and opened with an orchestral concert on Jan. 5, 1875. Concerts and Recitals - Recital - Academy. [14], The building is 154.9 metres (508 ft) long; 70.2 metres (230 ft) wide at the lateral galleries; 101.2 metres (332 ft) wide at the east and west pavilions; 10.13 metres (33.2 ft) from ground level to bottom of the cistern under the stage. 75009 Paris Access to the Palais Garnier. "A documentary overview of musical theaters in Paris, 1830–1900" in Fauser (2009), p. 382. Il propose des chambres climatisées décorées de façon classique et pourvues d'une connexion Wi-Fi gratuite. Fourteen painters, mosaicists and seventy-three sculptors participated in the creation of its ornamentation. The complete programme is available on the website at operadeparis.fr from September 1st onwards. Wells were sunk in February 1862 and eight steam pumps installed in March, but despite operating continuously 24 hours a day, the site would not dry up. [37], Entrance elevation of a project for the Théâtre Impériale de l'Opéra by Rohault de Fleury, November 1860. Couples in particular like the location – they rated it 9.4 for a two-person trip. Young Audiences - Ballet - Dance - Academy. En savoir plus 04.02.2021. Gounod’s score is a tour de force of melodic invention whose vocal composition reveals the composer’s skill at conveying sincere and immediate emotion. This restoration was completed in 2007. The lower floor consists of the Salle Nureïev (Nureyev) and the Salle Balanchine, and the upper floor, the Salle Petipa.[28]. For the space of an evening, the “Gala of 21st Century Ballet Schools” will also allow pupils from several international institutions to perform on the stage of the Palais Garnier. W.A.M. Two obsessions can no more exist in the same mind than two bodies in the, same space", wrote Pushkin in "The Queen of Spades" in 1834. Finally, in an abstract choreography by Nils Christe, Symphony in Three Movements evokes the torments of war that inspired Stravinsky’s magnificent score. [31] The restaurant, which has three different spaces and a large outside terrace, is accessible to the general public. The space in the cupola was used in the 1960s for opera rehearsals, and in the 1980s was remodelled into two floors of dance rehearsal space. Alternatively titled The Worst Is Not Always Certain, The Satin Slipper is an immense parable which alternates between the sublime, the comic and the disturbing. Le Square Louvois, votre Hotel Opera Paris Hôtel à Paris quartier de l’Opéra. [28], Originally the chandelier was raised up through the ceiling into the cupola over the auditorium for cleaning, but now it is lowered. [52], All work on the building came to a halt during the Franco-Prussian War due to the siege of Paris (September 1870 – January 1871). The Palais Garnier or Opéra Garnier (French: [ɔpeʁa ɡaʁnje] (listen), Garnier Opera), is a 1,979-seat opera house at the Place de l'Opéra in the 9th arrondissement of Paris, France. The auditorium has a traditional Italian horseshoe shape and can seat 1,979. (1993). [24], Gumery's L'Harmonie (1869), atop the left avant-corps of the façade, is 7.5 metres (25 ft) of gilt copper electrotype, Apollo, Poetry and Music roof sculpture by Aimé Millet, Apollo, Poetry and Music; Apollo's lyre detail, Lyrical Drama façade sculpture by Jean-Joseph Perraud, Bronze busts of Beethoven and Mozart on the front façade. To mark the occasion of the tenth anniversary of the death of Roland Petit, himself one of the school's offspring, the young pupils once more stage his first ballet, Les Forains, which depicts an itinerant company, with music by Henri Sauguet. [4] Initially referred to as "le nouvel Opéra de Paris" (the new Paris Opera), it soon became known as the Palais Garnier,[5] "in acknowledgment of its extraordinary opulence"[6] and the architect Charles Garnier's plans and designs, which are representative of the Napoleon III style. Britten wrote indeed for a small number of musicians and singers-actors in a musical and dramatic language where the narration exceeds the illusion on stage.Britten chose the myth of the dedicated and suicidal wife and wrote a piece that interrogates desire in its relation with anxiety: mutual love, gulty will and frustration. Opéra Metro Station is 650 feet from the hotel and a direct bus to Charles de Gaulle Airport departs 1,000 feet away. The pedestals of the staircase are decorated with female torchères, created by Albert-Ernest Carrier-Belleuse. It is covered by a 13.5-metre (44-ft) diameter dome. By the end of the month the Commune had been severely defeated. Parc, jardin, promenade à Paris dans le quartier : Opéra - Grands Boulevards; Parc, jardin, promenade à Paris dans le quartier : Opéra - Grands Boulevards ... Ce passage emblématique du quartier de l’Opéra a fait peau neuve et est de nouveau accessible au public, depuis l’été 2013. A, story in which the young Hermann, eager for social ascension, is obsessed by a, magic formula in the possession of an old countess. It was built for the Paris Opera from 1861 to 1875 at the behest of Emperor Napoleon III. Mead, Christopher Curtis (1996). Garnier had originally planned to install a restaurant in the opera house; however, for budgetary reasons, it was not completed in the original design. When the paintings were first fixed in place two months before the opening of the building, it was obvious to Garnier that they were too dark for the space. Park, garden, promenade Jardin du Luxembourg Rue de Médicis - Rue de Vaugirard - 75006 Paris Learn how and when to remove this template message, Bibliothèque-Musée de l'Opéra National de Paris, The works of Paul Dubois- French sculptor, Listing of the works of Alexandre Falguière, "AD Classics: Paris Opera / Charles Garnier", "The Paris Opéra: Charles Garnier's Opulent Architectural Masterpiece", "Guillaume Tison-Malthé, aux fourneaux de L'Opéra Restaurant", "The beautiful theatre in the heart of the Amazon rainforest", "Rialto Theatre National Historic Site of Canada, Parks Canada", Unused architectural drawings for the Opéra de Paris by Charles Rohault de Fleury, Selected images and video of the Palais Garnier, Palais de la musique et des congrès (PMC), The Phantom of the Opera at the Royal Albert Hall, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Palais_Garnier&oldid=1007370599, Buildings and structures in the 9th arrondissement of Paris, Infobox mapframe without OSM relation ID on Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from January 2021, All articles needing additional references, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Articles with Spanish-language sources (es), Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz place identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Viollet-de-Duc's losing Opera Competition project of 1861, Several buildings in Poland were based on the design of the Palais Garnier. [46] On 13 January 1862 the first concrete foundations were poured, starting at the front and progressing sequentially toward the back, with the laying of the substructure masonry beginning as soon as each section of concrete was cast. Quoted and translated in Mead 1991, pp. It has been out of service for several decades. The foyer opens onto an outside loggia and is flanked by two octagonal salons with ceilings painted by Jules-Élie Delaunay in the eastern salon and Félix-Joseph Barrias in the western salon. Roland Petit’s first piece for the Paris Opera Ballet in 1965, Notre-Dame de Paris brings together all the ingredients of a grand spectacle. Fauser, Annegret, editor; Everist, Mark, editor (2009). 140, 146). [34], On 29 September 1860 an Imperial Decree officially designated the site for the new Opéra,[35] which would eventually occupy 12,000 square metres (1.2 ha; 130,000 sq ft). The Paris Opera Ballet danced on the stage on 12 December, and six days later the famous chandelier was lit for the first time.[56]. Sindsdien is het eigendom van de Franse Senaat.Parijzenaars spreken van le Luco. However, with the Revolution of 1848, Rambuteau was dismissed, and interest in the construction of a new opera house waned. Jules Corboz prepared the model, and it was cast and chased by Lacarière, Delatour & Cie. The program included the overtures to Auber's La muette de Portici and Rossini's William Tell, the first two acts of Halévy's 1835 opera La Juive (with Gabrielle Krauss in the title role), along with "The Consecration of the Swords" from Meyerbeer's 1836 opera Les Huguenots and the 1866 ballet La source with music by Delibes and Minkus. The ceiling above the staircase was painted by Isidore Pils to depict The Triumph of Apollo, The Enchantment of Music Deploying its Charms, Minerva Fighting Brutality Watched by the Gods of Olympus, and The City of Paris Receiving the Plan of the New Opéra. Information and advice by email, groups@operadeparis.fr, or by phone at 01 40 01 80 54 (Monday to Friday from 10h to 13h and from 14h to 16h). Originally built to house … De Jardin du Luxembourg ('Luxemburgse tuin') is een stadspark in Parijs.Het werd in 1612 op verzoek van Maria de' Medici aangelegd als park rond het Palais du Luxembourg in het 6e arrondissement.Tijdens het Premier Empire restaureerde Jean-François-Thérèse Chalgrin het park. 60–62. Opera Cadet Hotel, Paris Picture: Jardin Nuit - Check out Tripadvisor members' 50,030 candid photos and videos. “The subject for the Satin Slipper comes from a Chinese legend about two celestial stars in love who, each year, having travelled far, manage to come within reach of each other without ever being able to come together from the disparate sides of the Milky Way.” So surmised Paul Claudel. Paris Opera | Théâtre des Bouffes-du-Nord. The second, drawn and engraved by Martin Mörck, is issued in June 2006 and represents, in intaglio, the main facade. "[8] This is at least partly due to its use as the setting for Gaston Leroux's 1910 novel The Phantom of the Opera and, especially, the novel's subsequent adaptations in films and the popular 1986 musical. To mark the tenth anniversary of the choreographer’s death, the Corps de Ballet revives this magnificent fresco in dance on the stage of Opera Bastille. [57] As a soprano had fallen ill one act from Charles Gounod's Faust and one from Ambroise Thomas's Hamlet had to be omitted. It is often called “the first grand restaurant in Paris”. The musicians in residency will give a concert of chamber music that will show different instrumental combinations such as the solo, the quintet and the quartet. Charles Garnier's project was one of about 170 submitted in the first phase. En savoir plus En ce moment. "Pierre II Desgots (1630–1688) et Claude Desgots (v. 1658 – 1732)", pp. L'hôtel Louvre Marsollier Opéra est situé au cœur de Paris, dans le quartier de l'Opéra. This consisted of modernising the stage machinery and electrical facilities, while restoring and preserving the opulent décor, as well as strengthening the structure and foundation of the building. This new opera is the third world-premiere production commissioned by the Paris Opera for its cycle on French literature. "Una lezione da Parigi al mondo. "Symbol of the Second Empire: cultural politics and the Paris Opera House", pp. winning cards "three, seven, ace" that echo in Hermann's mind. from 10h to 18h30 (at the corner of the streets Scribe and Auber - 75009 Paris). The Paris Opéra: An Encyclopedia of Operas, Ballets, Composers, and Performers (3 volumes). The canvas house curtain was painted to represent a draped curtain, complete with tassels and braid. Soon a persistent legend arose that the opera house was built over a subterranean lake, inspiring Gaston Leroux to incorporate the idea into his novel The Phantom of the Opera. Jardin d’Hiver is the perfect cocoon in which to share a glamorous family moment or tête-à-tête. On-line ticket sales. Founded more than three centuries ago by Louis XIV, it possesses two theatres, the Palais Garnier (1875) and the Opéra Bastille (1989). On the left and right lateral returns of the front façade are busts of the librettists Eugène Scribe and Philippe Quinault, respectively. Haussmann reported on 14 August 1871 that the site had been cleared and surveyed. For more information, see the sections on Baroque, Rococo, and Neoclassicism in. Directed by Elisabeth Platel, the Paris Opera Ballet School presents its annual production. This is our guests' favorite part of Paris, according to independent reviews. During the intermission Garnier stepped out onto the landing of the grand staircase to receive the approving applause of the audience. After previewing it, the emperor requested several changes to the design of the building, the most important of which was the suppression of a balustraded terrace with corner groups at the top of the facade and its replacement with a massive attic story fronted by a continuous frieze surmounted by imperial quadrigae over the end bays. On the third attempt to introduce it since 1875, a restaurant was opened on the eastern side of the building in 2011. It depicts scenes from operas by 14 composers – Mussorgsky, Mozart, Wagner, Berlioz, Rameau, Debussy, Ravel, Stravinsky, Tchaikovsky, Adam, Bizet, Verdi, Beethoven, and Gluck. It is a Bait-and-Switch. [55], During 1874 Garnier and his construction team worked feverishly to complete the new Paris opera house, and by 17 October the orchestra was able to conduct an acoustical test of the new auditorium, followed by another on 2 December which was attended by officials, guests, and members of the press. 76, 290. Britten and his librettist, two convinced pacifists involved way before WWII, address a European society bruised by war and hate. Représentations tout public17 March 2021 at 14:30 pm20, 14:30 pmReprésentations scolaires - Comment réserver ?18, 14:00 pmTarifsAdulte 16 €Moins de 15 ans 5 €Scolaire 5 €, Young Audiences - Concerts and Recitals - Recitals - Academy, The happiest melodies and songs are often composed on dancing rhythms like tango, waltz, foxtrot, bolero…. Lev Dodin underlines this notion of loss of reason by setting the characters in, an asylum where ghostly visions haunt lost souls as obsessively as the three. Parcs et espaces naturels à Paris : consultez les avis et photos sur 10 parcs et espaces naturels à Paris, Île-de-France sur Tripadvisor. In a landscape reminiscent of Pasolini, the crushing shadow of a cross hovers above everyone, representing colluding political and religious oppression. From Le Corbusier. Economies were demanded, and Garnier was forced to suppress the completion of sections of the building, in particular the Pavillon de l'Empereur (which later became the home of the Opera Library Museum). The Palais Garnier (French: [palɛ ɡaʁnje] (listen), Garnier Palace) or Opéra Garnier (French: [ɔpeʁa ɡaʁnje] (listen), Garnier Opera), is a 1,979-seat[3] opera house at the Place de l'Opéra in the 9th arrondissement of Paris, France. Levin, Alicia. Taming and naming the bodies to find back a unity, naming the space to feel grounded. Opened on 6 October 1860 by Napoléon III and Empress Eugénie, this Paris zoo was originally known as Jardin Zoologique d'Acclimatation, where plants and animals from the colonies could acclimatise to France's weather conditions. Following a push by black and mixed-race dancers for greater diversity, the director of Paris Opera seemed to suggest he would no longer stage classical ballets that perpetuate racial stereotypes. Garnier's project was awarded the fifth-place prize, and he became one of seven finalists selected for the second phase. Les transformations de Paris sous le Second Empire, ou travaux haussmanniens, constituent une modernisation d'ensemble de la capitale française menée à bien de 1853 à 1870 par Napoléon III et le préfet de la Seine, le baron Haussmann.. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. The octagonal salons open to the north into the Salon de la Lune at the western end of the Avant-Foyer and the Salon du Soleil at its eastern end. Taking part in an artistic experimental workshop a few days before the performance, and experiencing art through singing, dance or theater, is an ideal approach for the children, the teenagers and their parents to understand the vision of the artists performing at the Amphithéâtre. CHING-LIEN WU, NOUVELLE CHEFFE DES CHOEURS DE L'OPÉRA DE PARIS. 3, Savorra, Massimiliano (2010). '"[41], Legend has it that the Emperor's wife, the Empress Eugénie, who was likely irritated that her own favoured candidate, Viollet-le-Duc, had not been selected, asked the relatively unknown Garnier: "What is this? This concern and the inadequate facilities and temporary nature of the theatre gave added urgency to the building of a new state-funded opera house. 172–174. The chef was Christophe Aribert;[30] in October 2015, Guillame Tison-Malthé became the new head chef. Scott, Pamela; Lee, Antoinette J. It now houses the Bibliothèque-Musée de l'Opéra de Paris (Paris Opera Library-Museum) which is home to nearly 600,000 documents including 100,000 books, 1,680 periodicals, 10,000 programs, letters, 100,000 photographs, sketches of costumes and sets, posters and historical administrative records. [15], The structural system is made of masonry walls; concealed iron floors, vaults, and roofs. 291–317 in. Site picture is NOT what you get. ISBN 978-0-686-46036-7. Palais Garnier east side with L'Opéra Restaurant, In 1821 the Opéra de Paris had moved into the temporary building known as the Salle Le Peletier on the rue Le Peletier [fr]. Voir toute la programmation. Dit is een doorverwijspagina, bedoeld om de verschillen in betekenis of gebruik van Jardin des Plantes inzichtelijk te maken.. Op deze pagina staat een uitleg van de verschillende betekenissen van Jardin des Plantes en verwijzingen daarnaartoe. All rooms have elevator access and each is equipped with a private bathroom, satellite TV and Wi-Fi internet. "[43], After the initial funds to begin construction were voted on 2 July 1861, Garnier established the Opéra Agence, his office on the construction site, and hired a team of architects and draftsmen. Jardin des Tuileries. This opinion is far from unanimous however: the 20th-century French architect Le Corbusier once described it as "a lying art" and contended that the "Garnier movement is a décor of the grave". Running from the grand operatic machine, their inspiration drove them to a more intimate construction, the chamber opera. [3] By November 1860 Rohault de Fleury had completed the design for what he thought would be the crowning work of his career and was also working on a commission from the city to design the façades of the other buildings lining the new square to ensure they were in harmony. The Paris Opera has vowed to bring diversity to the famous ballet company, orchestra, and dance school, further fueling the debate of American-style “cancel culture” entering France’s art scene. However, that same month Achille Fould was replaced as Minister of State by Count Alexandre Colonna-Walewski. With the help of two of his students, Pils had to rework the canvases while they were in place overhead on the ceiling and, at the age of 61, he fell ill. His students had to finish the work, which was completed the day before the opening and the scaffolding was removed. Hotel in het centrum, op loopafstand van Panthéon • Gratis wifi • Bar • 24-uurs receptie • Centrale ligging; Hotel Virgina. "Bernier, Stanislas-Louis", vol. Faust : changement de distribution. Its mission is to preserve and develop our operatic and ballet heritage and it gives more than 350 performances per year. ISBN 978-0-686-46036-7. Hip hop, stunts and dialogs merge together with a sense of humour and turn the stage into a poetic place. "After 1850 at the Paris Opéra: institution and repertory", pp. [28] Garnier had anticipated these disadvantages but provided a lively defence in his 1871 book Le Théâtre: "What else could fill the theatre with such joyous life? The Paris Opera is one of the world's greatest opera and ballet houses. Offrir les Jardins de l’Opéra; A EMPORTER; Réservation / 7 / 7. L'Opéra Restaurant was designed by French architect Odile Decq. Roland Petit’s first piece for the Paris Opera Ballet in 1965, Notre-Dame de Paris brings together all the ingredients of a grand spectacle. The public will discover at the end of the restitution excerpts of the new documentary by Jean-Baptiste Warluzel. They feature a flat-screen TV with satellite channels and a mini-bar. Close to Metro, very nice rooms in a hotel, perfect continental breakfast- they offer everything you need!!! Si l'on ne cesse de mettre en avant le patrimoine vert d'une ville comme Londres, Paris et ses 2 300 hectares de verdure, répartis entre plus de 400 jardins, parcs, bois et autres squares, se défend pas trop mal non plus. If you are tired of museums and castles and palaces, and crowds, and you just want to relax, then the Jardin des Plantes is for you. This is not so much a review of Paris, but a Warning about the hotel we stayed at. [verification needed] The following is a partial list of public parks and gardens in the city.Wikimedia Commons has media related to Parks in Paris. The great opera classics available online for free. Architettura, tecniche teatrali e pubblico",edited by L. Mozzoni, S. Santini. [26], Ceiling of the octagonal salon at the eastern end with Jules-Élie Delaunay's central oval panel, The Zodiac, and over-door panel, Apollo Receiving the Lyre[26]. Welcome to Timhotel, where you can reserve your stay in one of our twenty 2, 3 and 4-star hotels in the Paris city centres. The perfectly chiselled sets evoke the elegance and refinement of a French‑style garden while the costumes draw inspiration from the Age of Enlightenment. The Commune authorities planned to replace Garnier with another architect, but this unnamed man had not yet appeared when Republican troops ousted the National Guard and gained control over the building on 23 May. Paris (French pronunciation: ()) is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,175,601 residents as of 2018, in an area of more than 105 square kilometres (41 square miles). Mead 1991, p. 147; Hanser 2006, p. 174; Ayers 2004, p. 174. Confronting a passionate desire for individual happiness, external imperatives and an aspiration for the universal, the work leads the spectator into a ongoing state hovering between hypnosis and joy. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. 214–235, in '', This page was last edited on 17 February 2021, at 19:58. The Paris Opéra: An Encyclopedia of Operas, Ballets, Composers, and Performers (3 volumes).